Today, there is continuous precipitation in many places. The China Meteorological Bureau launched a four-level emergency response, and the Central Meteorological Observatory continuously issued a yellow rainstorm warning and a blue severe convective weather warning.

　　China Meteorological Bureau launched a four-level emergency response

　　Strong convective warning of heavy rain strikes

　　On the 11th, the China Meteorological Bureau issued an order to immediately enter the four-level emergency response state. Beijing, Tianjin, Hebei, Shanxi, Henan, Shandong and the provincial meteorological bureaus that may be affected shall start or adjust the corresponding emergency response according to the actual judgment, and guide the municipal (county, district) meteorological bureaus to issue short-term and imminent warnings in time.

　　At 10: 00, the Central Meteorological Observatory continued to issue a yellow rainstorm warning.

　　It is estimated that there will be heavy rains in central and eastern Shanxi, most of Hebei, central and western Shandong, northern Henan, Beijing, Tianjin and other places from 14: 00 on the 11th to 14: 00 on the 12th, with heavy rains (100-220mm) in some areas. It is also accompanied by short-term heavy precipitation (the maximum hourly rainfall is 30 to 60 mm, and the local area can reach about 100 mm) and gusts of about 8, and the local gusts can reach 10 to 11.

　　At 10 o’clock, the Central Meteorological Observatory issued a blue warning of strong convective weather.

　　It is estimated that there will be 8-10 thunderstorm gale or hail weather in parts of central and eastern Shanxi, Hebei, Beijing, Tianjin, central and western Shandong, eastern Peninsula, north-central and eastern Henan from 14: 00 on the 11th to 14: 00 on the 12th, and the local thunderstorm gale will exceed 11.

　　There will be short-term heavy rainfall in parts of central and southern Inner Mongolia, western Liaoning, central and southern Shaanxi, Shanxi, Hebei, Beijing, Tianjin, Shandong, central and northern Henan, western Hubei, northeastern and southern Sichuan, Chongqing, and southeastern Guangxi. The hourly rainfall is 30 to 60 mm, and the local area can reach more than 80 mm. It is estimated that the main influence period of strong convection is from this afternoon to tomorrow.

　　Yellow warning of continuous rainstorm and strong wind in Beijing

　　Precipitation process or over 30 hours

　　On the 11th, the Beijing Meteorological Observatory issued a yellow rainstorm warning. It is estimated that from 17: 00 on the 11th to 08: 00 on the 13th, there will be torrential rain in Beijing, with the cumulative rainfall of 60-100mm in the whole city, 100-150mm in the western and northern areas, and 200-300mm in some places. There are risks of secondary disasters such as floods, mountain torrents and geological disasters in small and medium-sized rivers induced by heavy rainfall in mountainous areas and shallow mountainous areas, and water accumulation is easy to occur in low-lying urban areas. Please take precautions.

　　It is reported that this rainfall process has the characteristics of long duration, large accumulated rainfall, strong wind force and obvious convection characteristics, and the whole rainfall process is expected to last for more than 30 hours.

　　In addition, the Beijing Meteorological Observatory also issued a yellow warning of strong winds. It is estimated that from 0: 00 to 23: 00 on the 12th, there will be about 5 easterly winds in most parts of Beijing, and the gust can reach about 9.

　　Sichuan Dazhou launched Class I flood control emergency response.

　　The city bus stopped running.

　　Affected by the heavy rainfall in Bazhong City and Dazhou City of Sichuan Province in the upper reaches of Qujiang River, it is predicted that floods exceeding the warning level will occur in the main streams of Qujiang River and Bahe River. At present, the Flood Control and Drought Relief Headquarters of Dazhou City, Sichuan Province has started Class I flood control emergency response.

　　On the 11th, Dazhou Public Transport Co., Ltd. announced that it would suspend the operation of city bus lines.

　　On the 11th, due to the continuous heavy rainfall, the rainfall in Dazhou-Sanhui Town Station of Xiangyu Railway, Dazhou-Dafeng Station of Dawan Railway and Tuxi Station of Dacheng Railway exceeded the standard. In order to ensure the safe operation of the train, the railway department blocked the inspection of this section, and the passenger trains passing through it will be delayed to varying degrees.

　　Producer Ma Wenjia

　　Editor-in-Chief Shu Peng

　　Reporter Huang Li Zhang Jing Wang Shengdong Ji Lele

　　Editor Zhang Ang Cui Zhilin

　　BEIJING, Oct. 30 (Xinhua News Agency reporter Xie Yiguan) Toothpaste is a necessity in life, but recently many people have found that toothpaste sold in supermarkets is becoming more and more expensive. "I remember that in the past, the most expensive toothpaste was only a dozen or twenty pieces. Now the toothpaste is generally twenty or thirty pieces." Some consumers spit.

　　Why did two or three yuan toothpaste disappear?

　　It costs twenty or thirty yuan, but toothpaste under ten yuan is hard to find.

　　Regarding the rising price of toothpaste, Xiao Ni, a consumer who recently went shopping in the supermarket, has a deep understanding.

　　"Looking around, most of them are toothpaste of twenty or thirty yuan, and the better ones are thirty or forty yuan. The cheapest Crest salt white toothpaste also needs 6.9 yuan, and the price is too outrageous."

　　As Xiao Ni said, recently, Sino-Singapore financial reporters visited a number of supermarkets, and the price of toothpaste was generally above that of 10 yuan. Among them, the range from 15 yuan to 40 yuan was relatively concentrated, and the price of a few brands of toothpaste such as Shushida could reach above 40 yuan, while only two or three models were below 10 yuan.

　　This is also consistent with the data of the offline research of Ai Media Consulting. According to previous research, among the 40 or 50 kinds of toothpaste sold by large supermarkets, the price of a toothpaste is 10-mdash; 20 yuan accounts for 60%, 20 yuan or above accounts for 35%, and there are only two or three kinds below 10 yuan.

　　In addition to the disappearance of low-priced toothpaste on supermarket shelves, many consumers have also found that the price of some toothpaste has doubled.

　　"This cold sour toothpaste is now selling for 7.58 yuan. I remember that it only costs two or three yuan; Chinese toothpaste, which once cost a few dollars, is now ‘ Upgrade ’ Later, it was also sold to 20 yuan. " Xiao Ni mentioned.

　　According to Huaxi Securities Research Report, the average price data of ordinary toothpaste of about 120g released by the National Development and Reform Commission showed that its price increased from 8.38 yuan/box on June 30, 2015 to 10.61 yuan/box on February 28, 2021, and the overall price of the industry showed an upward trend. This also proves that the price increase of toothpaste is not "somatosensory".

　　Why is toothpaste more expensive?

　　Toothpaste, which used to cost tens of dollars, was called "Hermes" in the toothpaste industry. Nowadays, the average person in the toothpaste industry is "Hermes". What caused the toothpaste to become more and more expensive?

　　Many people may consider the cost factor. According to national standards, toothpaste is mainly composed of friction agent, humectant, thickener, foaming agent, fragrance, water and other additives. Although corresponding effective ingredients will be added based on different efficacy, according to published data, the production cost of raw materials is relatively low.

　　Dengkang Dental owns brands such as Lengsuanling, and its prospectus shows that from 2019 to 2021, the unit cost of the company’s adult toothpaste was 1.53 yuan, 1.47 yuan and 1.50 yuan respectively.

　　Screenshot from Dengkang Dental Prospectus.

　　Although the unit cost remained stable, its sales unit price increased year after year, driving the gross profit margin to increase year by year.

　　In this regard, Denkang Dental said that the company has grasped the trend of consumption upgrading, complied with the development direction of diversified demand for toothpaste and high-end products, continuously carried out research and development upgrades on the basis of existing products, and continuously expanded its market share in mid-to high-end adult toothpaste. The unit price of product sales has increased year by year.

　　Denkang’s remarks also unveiled the tip of the iceberg of toothpaste brand collective "momentum".

　　In recent years, toothpaste enterprises are addicted to product upgrading, promoting whitening, anti-allergy, anti-sugar, refreshing breath and other effects by adding enzymes, probiotics, hyaluronic acid, amino acids and other ingredients, and even refining the use scenarios, on the one hand, catering to consumers’ demand for toothpaste functionality, on the other hand, because there is huge profit space behind all kinds of "gimmicks".

　　All along, the toothpaste market is in a fierce competition situation. At one time, the domestic toothpaste market was occupied by two-faced needles and cold acid spirit. Later, foreign-funded enterprises poured in. Under the circumstance of "attacking the city slightly", the industry once fought a price war, coupled with the rising price of raw materials, the gross profit margin continued to decline. The sudden emergence of functional toothpaste such as Yunnan Baiyao has enabled the industry to find a "wealth password".

　　"As a result, toothpaste companies have stopped producing traditional toothpastes that don’t make money and started to focus on functional toothpastes. The pricing of functional toothpastes far exceeds that of traditional toothpastes before, so that many toothpaste manufacturers introduce a new efficacy every once in a while, and then mention a price by the way. In this case, it is a natural trend for toothpaste to become more expensive. " Jiang Yan, a senior researcher at Pangu think tank, believes.

　　With the continuous "upgrade" of products, we still need to make great efforts to carry out marketing, and please all the stars to speak for us. From the research report of toothpaste listed companies, the sales cost of toothpaste has been rising all the way. These marketing costs ultimately require consumers to "pay the bill".

　　Can you still buy cheap toothpaste?

　　During the reporter’s visit to the supermarket, a male customer was shopping for toothpaste. After looking at the price, he chose the favorite one between the two toothpaste with the lowest price. At the same time, the reporter noticed that the special price of Shuke baking soda toothpaste in 10 yuan in a supermarket in Beijing was sold to only one.

　　The demand for low-priced toothpaste is still strong. Nowadays, the price of toothpaste is tens of yuan, which also makes many netizens miss the days when they bought a toothpaste for two or three yuan. Where did the cheap toothpaste go?

　　The reporter’s online search found that domestic old-fashioned toothpastes such as Baiyu and Tianqi are still on sale, and the price of a single one is mostly below 10 yuan; A Crest toothpaste with strong roots and strong teeth is sold at a high price only in 4.5 yuan. In addition, some unknown brands of toothpaste are also cheaper.

　　People who stay in the hotel will find that toothpaste, such as double-sided needles, which we are familiar with, frequently appears in disposable articles in the hotel. But these low-priced products are hard to appear on supermarket shelves.

　　Jiang Han said that for most supermarkets, the cost of each shelf is basically fixed, and the cost of selling various toothpaste products is similar. Therefore, toothpaste with higher profit level is often more attractive to supermarkets, and more and more supermarkets tend to sell high-priced toothpaste.

　　Xiao Ni once mentioned that low-priced toothpaste is mostly displayed on the lower shelf. This is also consistent with what the reporter observed in some supermarkets.

　　With the increasing "efficacy" of toothpaste, the publicity is increasingly "cosmetic" and the industry supervision is also improving.

　　The Measures for the Supervision and Administration of Toothpaste issued by the State Administration of Market Supervision this year clearly stipulates that toothpaste shall be put on record, and the toothpaste filer shall be responsible for the quality, safety and efficacy of toothpaste. In the industry’s view, after the implementation of the "Measures", it may be possible to publicize the efficacy of various toothpastes to "lower the fire". (End)

Special feature of 1905 film network Haven’t you fully satisfied your pursuit of excellent works? The cinema in April will continue to bring you wonderful things! At the beginning of the month, the Qingming file was welcomed, and at the end of the month, the May 1st file was followed. Nearly 30 new films will land on the big screen in April.

There are not only outstanding works in international film festivals, but also posthumous works, as well as high-profile documentaries that are expected by fans. The audience who love movies will celebrate the New Year.

In addition, animation fans can also feast their eyes! The director’s relay release will awaken the childhood DNA of countless audiences, and the spy play house, which is popular among the "Z generation", will also be the first film version. Do you want to see a good movie? Let’s take a look at the film list we prepared first!

Live movie

Between trees and grass

Director:

Starring://

Release date: April 3, 2024

Gu Xiaogang became famous for his first feature film, but at the same time, he also started the creation of a series of films called "Landscape Map". Now, the second film in this series, "Between Plants and Trees", is about to unveil the mystery. The film revolves around the West Lake and Chashan, and the main characters are a mother and son, starring Leo and Angel.

"Spring River Plumbing" is based on many real cases. He Mulian (Leo), a newly graduated college student, gave his life to save his mother when he found that his mother Wu Taihua (Angel) was caught in the mire of pyramid schemes.

The name of "Moss Flower" is taken from a sentence in Yuan Mei’s famous poem "Moss", "Moss Flower is as small as rice, but it also blooms like peony", and the name of "Mulian" is taken from the traditional folk story "Mulian Save Mother" in China. In this way, director Gu Xiaogang intends to use vegetation to describe people and explore China culture.

Snow leopard

Director: Pema Tseden

Starring:///

Release date: April 3, 2024

On May 8, 2023, a generation of Tibetan filmmaker Pema Tseden passed away. Without warning, China film industry lost its leading talents, leaving endless regrets.

Snow Leopard, written and directed by Pema Tseden, lasted for three years from its production to its completion. Based on the fact that a snow leopard killed nine goats, it explored the way of coexistence between human beings, nature and animals.

The film not only uses CG technology on a large scale, but also creates a rare digital image of Snow Leopard. Pema Tseden also uses a unique black-and-white image style to distinguish between reality and spiritual world.

Even though the director left, the art of light and shadow under his lens is still bright and inspiring.

Director:/

Starring://

Release date: April 3, 2024

Director Xu Wei has released a new work after that, "The Yellowbird is Behind! The painting will be opened in the Qingming Festival, and William Feng and Tao Hong will cooperate again after 14 years, and "Fengshen Proton" will make a surprise appearance in the film.

The original name of "The Victim" is "The Yellowbird Behind"! The creation time was much earlier than the director’s last released work, Brilliant She, which was originally scheduled to be released in Qingming in 2021, and now it is considered to be "late" for three years.

The film revolves around a robbery and murder case on a summer night ten years ago. It combines suspense, reasoning, crime and family elements, foreshadowing everywhere and reversing at different levels. It won the Venture Capital Award of the 9th Beijing International Film Festival, and the jury commented: "The story is full of dramatic tension, unique and ingenious narrative structure, and shows a strong emotional concentration. It is a genre film with very good commercial market potential."

Great "anti-"faction

Director:

Starring: Bao Beier/

Release date: April 4, 2024

Bao Beier vs comedy! "The Great Anti-school" is directed and performed by him, and tells the story that the little actor Bi Chao (Bao Beier) finally got the chance to play the great villain after all kinds of hardships. However, when he accidentally lost his memory, he mistakenly thought he was a suspect in the kidnapping case, so he continued his plan of "kidnapping the richest man", which triggered a series of ironic stories.

There are many high-burning moments in the film, such as blasting scenes, speeding scenes and chasing scenes, and "comedians" such as,,,, and will also appear to help out.

Under the sun

Director:

Starring://

Release date: April 12, 2024

Produced by producer, Under the Sun is the masterpiece of the new director of China and Hong Kong, Jane Junjin. It has been acclaimed and a box office success in Hong Kong, China in 2023. At the same time, it has been nominated for 16 Hong Kong Film Awards, including Best Film, Best Director and Best Actor and Actress, and it is a "big hit" in the award season.

The film is adapted from a real event, telling a reporter’s in-depth investigation into the abuse of disabled homes and exposing little-known stories hidden behind the news. Previously, Yu Xiangning, who played reporter Liang Xiaoqi, won the Best Actress Award at the 30th Hong Kong Film Critics Association Awards and the 2024 Hong Kong Film Directors Association Annual Awards.

Director:

Starring:///

Release date: April 12, 2024

Aaron Kwok followed up with comedy. He will play a cross-time father and daughter with Lyric. In addition to appearing as a father, Wang, a "puppy", will meet the audience.

You from Wang Xing tells the story of Jiang Siwang, a sugar factory worker, who raised his daughter Jiang Lu alone, only to become a puppy by mistake. Dad decided to start a "guardian journey" as a puppy Wang, and a fantastic healing story was about to begin.

Golden video store

Director:/

Starring: David Redmond//vittorio Scobie

Release date: April 19, 2024

"The film is a record of existence, dedicated to the soul of the film!"

Douban 8.8′ s highly acclaimed documentary "Golden Video Store" focuses on the story behind a video rental store in new york, paying tribute to many classic movie scenes, and the finalized posters can be seen in many world-renowned movie master.

Director David Redmond bluntly said: "There will always be a large number of movies that will be forgotten by the world forever, but when the love for movies comes together to rescue movies, that belongs to the tenacious vitality of movies and will never give in, erin brockovich". The film is scheduled to be shown on the special line of the National Art Film Projection Alliance on April 19th.

Director:

Starring://

Release date: April 30, 2024

"Stunt Madman" is adapted from the drama series of the same name in 1980s. Gosling plays a stuntman and Emily plays a former camera operator. After many years of filming, the two men who once had a love affair are on the same stage. The former wants to win back his beloved heart but accidentally finds himself involved in an evil criminal plan.

David leitch, a former stuntman, tried to integrate his own experience and observation into the film, and the filming process once broke the Guinness World Record for the most tumbling laps of stunt cars.

 animated movies

What kind of life do you want to live?

Director: Miyazaki Hayao

Dubbing://Amy//

Release date: April 3, 2024

What kind of life do you want to live? Miyazaki Hayao wrote down his answer first. At the age of 83, he painted his personal experiences and close friends in the film one by one, returning to past regrets and looking forward to the future, encouraging everyone to move forward bravely in the journey of life.

The soup house in the middle, the tree essence in the middle and the red pavilion in the middle … … Miyazaki Hayao buried a lot of surprise eggs in the film, which is expected. In addition, the original Japanese version was dubbed by Suda Masaki and Kimura Takuya, while the Chinese version was voiced by,,, and so on.

Digital Baby 02: The Initial Call

Director:

Voice: Katayama Fukujuro/Junko Noda/Arthur Langsberg

Release date: April 20, 2024

V-Beast, Bug Beast, Eagle Beast … When the digital beast appeared, whose childhood DNA was evoked? It coincides with the 25th anniversary of the animation of Digital Baby, and a new theatrical version of Digital Baby 02: The Initial Call is about to appear.

The film revolves around the story that happened between Daiwada, the first human who came into contact with the digital baby, and his digital baby Vucko beast after the "Light Hill Incident". The appearance of the main characters headed by Motomiya Daisuke has been adjusted to reflect their adult changes.

Hal’s Moving Castle

Director: Miyazaki Hayao

Voice:/Kimura Takuya/Akihiro Miwa

Release date: April 30, 2024

Douban 9.1, Miyazaki Hayao once said that his most satisfying work is "Hal’s Moving Castle", which is an animation he tried to create for the elderly. Sophie, a young girl, was cursed by a witch in the wilderness and turned into a 90-year-old woman. Hal’s Moving Castle was nominated for the best animated feature film at the 78th Academy Awards.

From 2004 to 2024, after 20 years’ waiting, the "Goddess-sealing Work" finally landed in the cinema in China. When you grow up, will you still walk into the cinema for it?

Spy play house code: white

Director: Pan Tongchong

Voice: Eguchi Takuya///Yoshinoyu

Release date: April 30, 2024

"Spy × Play House" is adapted from the comic book of the same name created by Tatsuya Endo, which has been highly sought after by Generation Z in recent years. "Spy Play House Code: White" is the first big movie of the IP, which continues the style of "Spy × Play House" which combines family and adventure elements, and creates the story of the "disguised family" Fujie family’s first group outing.

Whether the lovely Ania can set off a whirlwind on the mainland big screen remains to be seen.

So, what’s your favorite movie in April?

　　　　　　　　In order to enable users to watch CCTV TV programs more stably, smoothly and clearly, CCTV will upgrade the P2P plug-in in the near future. Please pay attention to the plug-in installation tips above the browser, upgrade and install the plug-in, or re-install.Download P2P plug-in, for installation.

　　　　　　　　The live video broadcast of CCTV adopts advanced p2p technology, which greatly improves the smoothness and clarity of users’ watching videos, and makes it possible for you to watch online programs clearly and smoothly under the condition of low bandwidth.

　　The Grand Canal and Li Canal pass through Huai ‘an City. Following the clue of a 1958 "Comparison Diagram of the New and Old River Lines of the Grand Canal Project" in Huai ‘an Archives, we can understand the relationship between the "two canals" and also open the struggle history of Huai ‘an people in governing the Grand Canal under the leadership of the Party.

　　Schematic diagram of comparison between old and new river lines of Grand Canal Project

　　The Li Canal, also known as the Huaiyang Canal, starts from Huai ‘an Qingkou Hub in the north and flows into the Yangtze River in Yangzhou in the south. Its predecessor was the Han ditch dug in the 5th century BC, which was the earliest section of the Grand Canal.

　　The riverbanks on both sides are short and thin, resulting in poor flood control ability of the Li Canal. Before the founding of New China, during the flood season, Li Canal often burst its banks and overflowed everywhere, and Huai ‘an was the first victim. After the flood, the water source dried up, and shipping and people’s living water were in trouble. In the early days of the founding of New China, the width of some sections of the Li Canal was only over 20 meters, and the narrowest part was only about 10 meters. In the wet season, the water depth is only 2-3 meters, and only wooden boats of about 30 tons can pass. In the dry season, navigation is often interrupted, or even dried up to the bottom, and shipping is basically paralyzed.

　　After the founding of New China, the Grand Canal was managed. By the end of 1950s, more than 1,100 kilometers of the Grand Canal had been navigable. With the rapid development of socialist construction, in terms of industrial and agricultural construction, the areas along the Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal have achieved unprecedented development, and the transportation volume of various industrial and agricultural products has doubled. However, the transportation volume of the southern section of the Jin-Pu Railway has been saturated, and the position of the Grand Canal in inland navigation has become more prominent. In 1958, the State Council put forward the task of managing the Beijing-Hangzhou Canal by stages and unified planning.

　　According to the Records of Huai ‘an Water Conservancy, the old canal in the urban area is narrow and tortuous, and there are cross-river sluice bridges such as Beimen Bridge, Shuimen Bridge and Qingjiang Gate. The revetment on both sides of the river needs to be demolished and rebuilt, and more than 25,500 factories and houses along the coast need to be demolished. There are a large number of underwater, so it is difficult to excavate in the urban area, and there are contradictions between construction and land and water transportation, and the development of Huaiyin Port is also restricted. In addition, there are towns such as Banzha and Hexia to the south of Huaiyin, and the task of demolition is great. After the comparison and demonstration of the schemes, it was decided to cut and straighten the original Huaiyin and Huai ‘an sections of the Grand Canal and open a new river.

　　The west end of the project started from Yangzhuang Commune in Huaiyin County (now Huaiyin District) and ended at Yangmiao Village in Yanhe Commune in Huai ‘an County in the south. Construction started in September 1959. "The standing migrant workers of Chenji People’s Commune actively do all the preparatory work to ensure that they can participate in the excavation project on the Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal on time … …” On August 25, 1959, Huaihai Daily published an article entitled "The standing migrant workers of Chenji Commune are ready to leave for the Grand Canal site".

　　According to Huaihai Daily, Huaiyin District invested more than 12,000 migrant workers in the Grand Canal construction site. The first phase of the project was originally planned to be completed in June 1960, but it was required by the provincial and prefectural committees to be completed in 1959, and the Huaiyin area sent more migrant workers twice, which made the project progress rapidly and completed half a year earlier than originally planned.

　　"Before September last year, it was still flat. Now, a new river with a length of 2,900 meters, a width of 60 to 160 meters (the bottom of the river) and a depth of 5 to 5 meters and 5 inches has been opened, and levees with a height of 4 meters have been built on both sides. After inspection, the quality of the project is good." On January 5, 1960, Huaihai Daily described the scene after the completion of the first phase of the project.

　　After the Huaihe section of the Grand Canal was finally completed, the Li Canal and the newly built Grand Canal coexisted.

　　Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal

　　From 1960 to 1982, the Jiangsu Provincial Communications Department treated the south section of the Li Canal irrigation main canal in northern Jiangsu in two phases. From December 1987 to the end of April 1988, the underwater dredging project was carried out on the waterway of the Huaibei section of the Subei Canal. In the 21st century, the "three to two" project has been implemented for the Huaibei section of the Northern Jiangsu Canal (from Yangzhuang Town in Huaiyin District to Huai ‘an Shiplock) to meet the needs of the rapid development of water transport.

　　As the artery of water transport, the transportation function of the Grand Canal is irreplaceable. The Huai ‘an section of the Beijing-Hangzhou Canal is 60 kilometers long, which is the section with the highest shipping utilization rate. In recent years, Huai ‘an has fully implemented the strategic deployment of "a strong transportation country" and "a strong transportation province" by the central government, the provincial party committee and the provincial government, and made every effort to push the construction of the high-standard Grand Canal cultural belt to a new level. In 2018, the Provincial Communications Department compiled the "Implementation Plan for Promoting the Green Modern Shipping Development of the Beijing-Hangzhou Canal in Jiangsu Province", and determined the Huai’ an Shiplock to Jiulong Lake Park section in Huai’ an, which is one of the four demonstration sections in the province. At present, the construction of the green modern shipping demonstration zone in Huai ‘an section of the Beijing-Hangzhou Canal is in full swing, and it will be one of the national inland river shipping benchmarks and model projects for building a transportation power with clean and ecological waterway environment, clean and efficient port production, energy-saving and environmental protection of ship equipment, safe and convenient shipping service and remarkable improvement of cultural quality, which will greatly promote Huai ‘an’s economic and social development, coastal environmental beautification and historical and cultural protection.

On August 10th, some media reported that the main personnel of Baidu Apollon unmanned bus project had been withdrawn, only simple maintenance was kept, and the product had stopped being promoted. According to the media quoted people familiar with the matter, "At that time, the Apollon project was highly valued, and the total number of people involved was about 300. Now there are only some testing and code maintenance personnel to do some simple maintenance. Another former employee of Baidu who had participated in the Apollon project said, "Apollon’s minibus cost more than 2 million yuan, and the price is about 1.5 million. If you sell one, you will lose one. Baidu has stopped promoting it. 」

In this regard, the relevant person of Baidu’s public relations department responded that the relevant content of "Baidu unmanned bus project has changed" is untrue. At present, Baidu unmanned bus business is developing healthily in terms of products, technology and team. Thanks to the support of partners such as Jinlong, Jiangling and Neolithic, you are welcome to experience it in Beijing, Wuhan and Xiong ‘an. A new generation of products, Apollon II, will be launched soon, and will also land in Chongqing, so stay tuned. (Source: Sina Technology)

?

On August 10th, headline search has been quietly launched, and the website is https://m.toutiao.com/search. Now there is only a simple search page, and slogan is: Search what you want to search. At present, related apps have not been seen online in the mobile phone application market. Earlier, on August 1st, ByteDance made public the action of arranging search engines for the first time through "ByteDance Recruitment" WeChat official account.

The article mentioned that ByteDance has established a search department, and the search team is making every effort to create an ideal search platform architecture. And this search engine is the "behind-the-scenes supporter" of many apps such as Headlines, Tik Tok, Watermelon, Volcano, and Know Car Emperor. Extending from information flow to search field, the industry thinks that ByteDance will compete with Baidu in search field. (Source: Sina Technology)

On August 10th, Samsung announced on Twitter that it will release a new ISOCELL sensor on August 12th, which is called "redefining the resolution". The industry speculated that Samsung might release a 108MP pixel sensor on August 12th. Regarding the highlights of 108MP ISOCELL, Xiaomi has previously disclosed some details in the future image technology communication meeting, including the image output with the highest resolution of 12032×9024 and the image that can still maintain 27 million pixels under double zoom.

Xiaomi also stressed that Samsung’s 100-megapixel sensor will be the largest mobile image sensor on the market, and the large photosensitive area can provide higher light input. Xiaomi did not announce the details of the new machine that launched 108MP. The industry speculated that it might be Xiaomi MIX 4. Previously, Lei Jun, founder of Xiaomi and chairman and CEO of Xiaomi Group, revealed that a new millet billion-pixel machine was under development. (Source: Fast Technology)

According to foreign media reports on August 10, Amazon announced that the company’s Scout robot has started testing package delivery services in Southern California. Scout is a small six-wheeled vehicle with Prime logo printed on the side, and it is equipped with a series of sensors to help it move automatically and safely on the road.

Prior to this, Scout delivered packages at Amazon’s headquarters in Washington. (source: cnBeta)

Recently, at the interim results conference of China Mobile in 2019, Jian Qin, the deputy general manager of China Mobile, pointed out that the previous "speed-limited products" really promoted the company’s development, but the survey showed that users were not very satisfied with the related products, especially after the speed limit, so China Mobile will also launch a package of "unlimited quantity, more preferential use" at the end of August to meet customers’ needs.

Earlier, China Telecom announced the introduction of new rules for enjoying the package, and announced the cancellation of the "capacity-limited" package. Later, China Mobile also said that it would soon adjust to a package with unlimited capacity and cheaper use. In addition, China Unicom said that the business package may be adjusted, but the details have not been determined, and there will be an official statement later. At this point, the so-called "unlimited traffic package" era of the three major operators ended. (Source: TechWeb)

On August 10th, during the Huawei Developer Conference, Huawei Video officially released a brand-new content open cooperation platform "Baihua". It is understood that Baihua is not only a cooperation platform with open resources and shared channels, but also a commercial platform for video aggregation, distribution, trading and operation, providing partners with services such as distribution channels, marketing promotion and distribution realization.

Along with the launch of Baihua, there is also a resource support and content sharing plan for Huawei’s comprehensive video upgrade: Jingfang Plan. Jingfang plans to adopt a variety of sharing forms, including membership sharing, PPS sharing, content area sharing and pay-per-view sharing. (Source: Phoenix Technology)

According to foreign media SlashGear, the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has ordered 44 kinds of electronic cigarette products to be removed from the US market. According to the agency, these products can’t be legally sold because the companies that manufacture these products have not obtained proper sales licenses. Recently, FDA is investigating the possible connection between e-cigarettes and seizures. (source: cnBeta)

At 19: 42: 58 on August 11th, 2019, the cumulative box office in Ne Zha officially broke through the 3.5 billion yuan mark! At present, "Nezha" has only been released for 17 days, with an average of more than 200 million yuan per day, and it took only 3 days and more than 2 hours to reach 3 billion yuan to 3.5 billion yuan.

Nezha has surpassed Detective Chinatown 2 (3.4 billion), The Mermaid (3.39 billion) and Dying to Survive (3.1 billion), ranking fifth in the history of box office in mainland China, with only Wolf Warriors 2 (5.679 billion), The Wandering Earth (4.656 billion), Avengers: Endgame (4.238 billion) and Operation Red Sea ahead of it.

According to the cat’s eye forecast, the final box office of "Nezha" will exceed 4 billion yuan. According to this data, it will rank fourth in the history of China cinema, and even hopefully it will break into the top three. (Source: Fast Technology)

On August 11th, according to MySmartPrice, according to the Bluetooth SIG authentication document of Yijia Smart TV and other news channels, it is expected that Yijia will release its first smart TV from September 25th to 30th, which is based on Android operating system and supports Bluetooth 5.0, with four sizes of 43 ",55", 65 "and 75". According to the certification information of Bluetooth SIG organization, One Plus TV was first marketed in China, the United States and India.

Last year, Liu Zuohu, CEO of Yijia, first mentioned that Yijia might enter the TV market at some time this year. He thought that the current smart TV did not do well in integrating the Internet experience. In addition, he revealed that the configuration of Yijia TV was enough to compete with competing products. (Source: Phoenix Technology)

On August 10th, at the 3rd China Financial Forty Forum in Yichun, Sun Tianqi, Chief Accountant of the State Administration of Foreign Exchange, introduced the six major impacts on foreign exchange management and cross-border capital flow and four suggestions on how to deal with them.

Sun Tianqi suggested that Libra should be regarded as a foreign currency and must be included in the overall framework of foreign exchange management in China. Otherwise, it is suggested that Libra should be banned. Secondly, unless otherwise stipulated by the state in a few rare cases, China must be denominated and settled in RMB. Including the pricing and settlement of domestic transactions in the digital environment. There must be no Libra or dollarization of domestic transactions in the digital environment. (Source: The Paper)

According to foreign media reports, the US Department of Transportation recently confirmed that the Trump administration had quietly dissolved the Traffic Automation Advisory Committee founded in the Obama era earlier this year. In addition, the U.S. Department of Transportation has never informed the members of the Committee that this advisory body no longer exists.

The Traffic Automation Advisory Committee was announced in early January 2017. It consists of 25 company executives, professors and professionals in the transportation industry. The Committee held its only meeting on January 16, 2017, just four days before Trump took office. According to the Wayback Machine of the Internet Archives, the US Department of Transportation never informed the committee of the meeting and deleted a press release detailing the matter from its website sometime around April this year. (Source: Netease Technology)

Recently, ZTE has made a breakthrough in Person Re-identification (abbreviated as ReID) technology, and it has been used in three mainstream ReID data sets: Market1501, DukeMTMC-reID and CUHK03 (these three data sets are the most influential multi-target multi-camera pedestrian tracking data sets with large-scale marking in the industry). In one fell swoop, Rank-1 (the first hit rate) and mAP (the average precision) on the three data sets have been greatly improved, ranking first and setting a new world record.

Re-recognition of pedestrians refers to searching for the same pedestrian in a multi-camera network with non-overlapping perspectives, and confirming whether the pedestrian targets photographed by cameras in different positions at different times are the same person, that is, using computer vision algorithm to solve the identification and retrieval of pedestrians in cross-camera and cross-scene situations. This technology is a great leap in image perception by machine learning after face recognition technology. It can recognize pedestrians according to their wearing, posture, hairstyle, behavior and other information, and shorten the traditional time of manually viewing videos and locking the tracks of key personnel from dozens of days to minutes. (Source: C114 China Communication Network)

On August 9th, the latest issue of Science, the world’s top academic journal, published the new progress of China scholars in quantum computing research, entitled "Generation of multicomponent atomic Schrodinger cat states of up to 20 qubits". This achievement was made by a team composed of Zhejiang University, Institute of Physics of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Institute of Automation of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing Research Center for Computing Science, etc., and a quantum chip with 20 superconducting qubits was developed, and it was successfully manipulated to achieve global entanglement, which set a new world record for the number of qubits generating entangled states in solid-state quantum devices.

Previously, the research team of the University of Science and Technology of China created a record of manipulating 12 superconducting qubits to achieve entanglement. Now, this number has been refreshed, and humans can accurately manipulate 20 superconducting qubits at the same time. (Source: Fast Technology)

On August 9th, Tencent and PUBG jointly announced that the PUBG Mobile Lite game was officially released on Google Play Mall. At present, the game has been launched in Southeast Asia, South Asia, North Africa and South America, and will soon land in North America, Central America and Europe.

The installation package size of PUBG Mobile Lite application is 490MB, which can be installed on devices with less than 2GB of RAM. In the above market, players can play this chicken-eating game with limited mobile network signals or entry-level mobile phones. The game has a smaller map, and up to 60 players can be set at a time; The game lasts for 10 minutes and adopts the traditional PUBG Mobile style. (source: cnBeta)

On August 11th, Intel officially announced that notebooks certified by the "Project Athena" innovation plan will use the new visual identity "Intel Mobile Performance". Intel said that PC manufacturers and retailers can use this logo in promotional activities, physical stores and online retail environments to attract consumers’ attention to high-standard notebooks that meet Athena’s goal specification 11.0 and key experience indicators (KEI).

Sticking this logo proves that the notebook has passed the certification process led by Intel engineers, including meeting specific platform requirements and key experience indicators in six innovative areas: immediate response, performance and responsiveness, artificial intelligence performance, battery life, connectivity and shape design. It is reported that Dell’s brand-new XPS 13 2-in-1 notebook will use this brand-new logo for the first time. It is also one of the first notebooks certified by Athena Project, and has been sold to American users in Dell official website. (Source: Fast Technology)

According to the report of Charging Headnet, a Shenzhen manufacturer cracked the fast charging terminal of Apple C94 again and made it into a USB-C to Lightning fast charging converter. According to reports, the overall length of this cracked version of USB-C to Lightning fast charging converter is about 25mm, which can support 9V/2A 18W fast charging of iPhone X series mobile phones. (Source: Charging Headnet)

Title map: headline search

Original global intelligence agent, global intelligence agent

Turkey changed its English name

Author | Blue Sky and Clear Away

Editor | ｜Thomas

Turkey’s English country name "Turkey" also means "Turkey" in English. The United States has the habit of eating turkey on Thanksgiving Day. Turkey thinks that its country name is linked to turkey, which affects its national image.

Not only that, Turkey also derives the meaning of "idiot, fool" in English. In Chinese, Turkey also has a nickname called "native chicken".

Turks can’t stand their country name being used as a joke. At the beginning of 2022, Turkish President Erdogan signed a communique to change the spelling of English country names from Turkey to Turkey. The Turkish government indicated that it would register a new English name with the United Nations as soon as possible.

▲ The official Turkish travel website has been renamed.

How did Turkey’s English country name "Turkey" come into being? Why is it linked to "turkey"?

▲ Eating "turkey" becomes a Thanksgiving ceremony in the United States.

First, the "trouble" guinea fowl

In modern Turkish, Turkey is written as Türkiye (Land of Turks). The country name of Turkey evolved from the word Turk, which means "brave" in Turkic, and Turks also consider themselves direct descendants of Turks.

In the 3rd century BC, Huns first occupied the Mongolian Plateau. After the Han Dynasty weakened the Huns, Xianbei and Rouran successively occupied the Mongolian Plateau from the 2nd century to the 5th century. At the same time, there were other nomadic countries in Central Asia, and Turkey believed that its history was inextricably linked with these nomadic countries.

▲ The troubles of Sui and Tang empires.

In the 6th century A.D., Rouran’s Turkic tribe defeated Rouran and established the Turkic khanate in the Mongolian Plateau. However, under the attack of Sui and Tang Dynasties, the Turkic khanate was split in two.

A large number of Turks migrated from Central Asia to West Asia, and the Turkic ministries who moved to West Asia converted to Islam and became an important political force in West Asia.

In 1299, Osman I, the leader of Kaye tribe of Ugus, a branch of Turkic, established political power in Asia Minor Peninsula, namely the Ottoman Empire.

In 1453, the Ottoman Empire occupied Constantinople, the capital of the Eastern Roman (Byzantine) Empire, and the Roman Empire, which lasted for thousands of years, died. After the annexation of the Balkans, the Ottoman Empire launched several rounds of invasions on Central Europe, and the imperial army became the nightmare of the Christian kingdom in Europe.

▲ Osman I

The word Turkey was originally transliterated from the Latin Turcae, referring to the nomadic people along the Black Sea. After the Turkic people came into contact with Europe, this word began to be used in a series of Turkic countries.

As early as before the establishment of the Ottoman Empire, the Byzantine Empire (395- 1453 AD, the common language was Greek) once called the Seljuk Empire, another regime established by Turks in West Asia, Tourkia.

▲ Seljuk Empire was once the overlord of West Asia.

Since the Middle Ages, Europeans used to refer to the Muslim areas of the Ottoman Empire as "Turchia" or "Turquia", which means the land of Turks and Turks. These words can be found in the Book of the Duchess published by the British poet geoffrey chaucer in 1369.

After development, at the latest in 1719, the English spelling of "Turkey" was solidified into Turkey. Correspondingly, the ruling people of the Ottoman Empire were called "Turks". The Ottoman Empire is often called the "Turkish Empire". Since the Ottoman Empire is the core of the Islamic world, Europeans also use "Turkey" to refer to the Islamic world.

▲Turkey is a "common name" given by Europe to the Ottoman Empire.

The Ottoman Empire likes to use the title of "Ottomans", but the title of "Turkey" is not popular.

Although there are many ethnic groups in the territory, the Ottoman Empire is more accustomed to roughly dividing its subjects into Muslims and non-Muslims based on religion. In 1517, the Ottoman Empire defeated the Mamluk dynasty that ruled Egypt and extended its rule to North Africa.

▲ Mamluk dynasty that once ruled around Egypt (red)

The Ottoman Empire controlled the trade routes from North Africa to Europe, and many products had to go through the Ottoman Empire to reach Europe, which inevitably led Europeans to have a misunderstanding-the Ottoman Empire was the origin of goods, and Guinea fowl was one of many misunderstandings.

▲ Guinea fowl

There are about 10 different species of guinea fowl, most of which live in sub-Saharan Africa. Its meat quality is drier and tougher than that of domestic chickens, with less fat and rich in protein.

After the Ottoman Empire conquered North Africa, Guinea fowl followed the footsteps of African businessmen and crossed the Sahara desert to North Africa, where it was transported to Istanbul, the capital of the Ottoman Empire, via Arab or Greek businessmen in West Asia.

▲ Ottoman Empire before 1878

As the core of a huge empire, Istanbul is also a commercial center of the empire. Since the 16th century, people can see all kinds of guinea fowl in the bustling bazaar (market) in the city. These African-born birds are huge, their feathers are dotted with spots, and they are also very conspicuous in the bazaar.

Guinea fowl comes from far away sub-Saharan Africa, which is not the territory of the Ottoman Empire, but British businessmen in the Ottoman Empire still call it "turkey cock" or "turkey coq", that is, Turkish cock.

▲ Istanbul, the capital of the Ottoman Empire

From the 16th century, guinea fowl came to western Europe from the ports of North Africa with merchant ships. People in Britain and France did not deliberately explore which tribe the merchants bought these species from. The British people also imitated the merchants and called the guinea fowl "Turkish cock".

Compared with the British who try to save trouble, France, the Netherlands and other countries are more strict in naming. They know that the Ottoman Empire is not the origin of guinea fowl, but the "shrewdness" of countries such as France and Holland will stop here. They think that guinea fowl comes from distant India, and the French guinea fowl is called "Lepoulet indien" (Indian chicken).

It is precisely because of the British "trying to save trouble" that the guinea fowl originated in Africa has inexplicably become "made in Turkey". This misunderstanding became more and more serious. With the rise of the European colonial empire, Turkey was finally bound to turkey in the process of spreading English.

Second, in the name of Turkey

After the Ottoman Empire controlled the Middle East and North Africa, the traditional trade routes were controlled by it. Encouraged by opening up new trade routes to the East and spreading Christian beliefs to the outside world, Europeans ushered in the era of "great geographical discovery".

In 1492, although Columbus didn’t reach the East where he wanted to go, he let Europeans first touch the American continent. Countries such as Spain, Portugal, Britain and France have successively launched colonial activities in America.

▲ new route opening

In September 1620, a sailboat named "Mayflower" carried 102 passengers from England to Virginia Colony. Because the ship deviated from the course, may flower was forced to dock in today’s Massachusetts, which was far less developed than Virginia.

In order to survive, people decided to build a new town in Massachusetts and named it New Plymouth after the sailing place.

▲ Come to the New World

There is a widely spread story that neighboring Indians lend a helping hand to British immigrants. They sent all kinds of food, including turkey, and taught British immigrants how to fish and build houses.

In the autumn of 1621, New Plymouth ushered in a bumper harvest. In order to show gratitude, British immigrants invited Indians to celebrate together. Indian leader Massasso led his people to a banquet, and people sang and danced for three days, which was the embryonic form of Thanksgiving.

▲ Thanks to the Indians

In fact, there is no record of this carnival in the diaries of the first immigrants from New Plymouth. On the contrary, in 1637, john winthrop, the governor of Massachusetts, launched a war against Indian tribes. After killing hundreds of Pecots, Winslow announced to British immigrants that "this day should be a Thanksgiving Day. Thank God, we conquered Pecots".

The origin of Thanksgiving Day is not as beautiful as the legend, but the turkey was indeed obtained from the association between British immigrants and Indians. Before the arrival of European colonists, Indians had raised turkeys for hundreds of years.

▲ Winslow

In the eyes of British immigrants, turkey and guinea fowl are the same species. With a fat body and a colorful head, the name of the Turkish rooster was put on the turkey. Since then, the name "turkey fowl" has come into being.

Turkey, with its plump meat, soon became an important food for the colonial people in North America. The name of the turkey is also simplified, and the fowl (bird) used to indicate the attribute is omitted, and only the name of "origin" is retained (even if the turkey has nothing to do with Turkey).

"Turkey" has become the official name of turkey, and there is no difference between them except the case of the first letter.

▲ Turkey (left) and Guinea fowl (right)

The name of Turkey in English changed from guinea fowl to turkey, and so did the name of "Indian chicken" in French.

In addition to foreign countries, Polish, Hebrew, Catalan and other languages also call turkey "Indian chicken".

After the great geographical discovery, turkeys also appeared in the markets of the Ottoman Empire along with commercial activities. The Ottomans knew that this kind of chicken had nothing to do with themselves, so they learned from the French that turkey was called "hindi" (Indian chicken). India, however, was ruled by Britain in modern times. In local languages, most turkeys are called "Turkish chickens" like English.

▲ The Ottoman Empire in the 19th century

This story is somewhat similar to the fact that the Dutch bean in China population becomes China bean in the Dutch mouth, and the charm and fun of language are contained in it.

Looking at the essence of the problem, turkeys originating in North America have many names among the Indian population, meaning mostly "big bird". However, Indians have no right to speak, but Britain and the rising United States spread the name "turkey" all over the world with colonial expansion and cultural export.

▲ The British navy is strong.

Third, we are not "native chickens"

Almost every language has polysemy, and it is not surprising that country names have the same names as other things. "China" means porcelain, but few people compare China with porcelain.

However, turkey, as a necessary food for Thanksgiving in North America, is not only a little too ordinary, but also represents the meaning of being "eaten" by human beings, which cannot reflect the "sense of power" of the Ottoman Empire.

In the 18th century, the Ottoman Empire began to decline and became the target of aggression by European powers. At the same time, the colonial people in North America started the war of independence, and Britain was forced to recognize American independence in 1783.

▲ Thanksgiving Day

After 1800, turkey gradually became a regular dish on Thanksgiving Day. In 1863, President Lincoln set the date of Thanksgiving as the last Thursday in November. In English, the name of turkey solidified into turkey. Because the first impression of turkey seems to be not very smart, Turkey also extended "idiot, straw bag".

Britain is developing colonies all over the world, and the national strength of the United States is also booming. With the spread of English, turkey is known by more and more people, but most people know the word through turkey, and the original meaning of the word "Turkey" is not so important.

On the other side of the globe, the Ottoman Empire has indeed gone from bad to worse, becoming a "straw bag" bullied by the great powers.

▲ Russia invaded the Ottoman Empire.

By the end of the 19th century, Austria and Russia had turned the land of the Ottoman Empire in the Balkans into their sphere of influence. Britain, France and Italy carved up the North African territory of the Ottoman Empire, and the weak Ottoman Empire really became a turkey in front of the big powers’ knives.

With the increasing influence of the west in the Ottoman Empire, the way that westerners equate "Turkey" with "Ottoman" also affected the Ottoman Empire, and the Ottoman Empire began to accept the word "Turkey".

But until the end of 19th century, "Turkey" still had no meaning of modern nation or country. In the Ottoman Empire, "Turkey" has a certain derogatory meaning, usually referring to farmers in plateau mountainous areas.

The upper classes still call themselves "Ottomans" (Ottomans). The "Turkish" in the European and Ottoman populations do not refer to the same group of people.

▲ subjects of the empire

The great powers’ carve-up frenzy gave the Ottoman Empire a deep sense of crisis. From the end of 19th century to the beginning of 20th century, a "pan-Turkic" ideological trend rose in West Asia, advocating the union of turkic peoples and the leading role played by the Ottoman Empire in it, driving turkic peoples to become self-reliant, and Turkey began to become the representative of the Turkic nation.

This collided with another trend of thought at that time, "Ottomanism" (revitalizing the Ottoman Empire and highlighting Ottoman identity). Ottoman (Ottoman), Turkey (Turkey) and Islam (Islam) together constituted the identity of the empire.

In 1914, the Ottoman Empire put all its eggs in one basket and joined the First World War against the background of alliance with Germany and Austria. As a result, the Allied Group was defeated in World War I, and the Ottoman Empire was forced to sign the harsh Treaty of Sevres.

The Arab settlements controlled by the Ottoman Empire were ceded to Britain, France and other countries, and even the western part of Asia Minor Peninsula, where the main ethnic group Turks lived, was ceded to Greece.

▲ Autumn in Danger

The Ottoman Empire slipped to the brink of national subjugation, and young officers headed by Kemal organized a resistance struggle. Kemal said that "the independence of the Ottoman nation should be maintained".

During the war, there was a wave of referring to the country as "Turkey" in the Ottoman Empire. Amir Pasha, a government official, opposes the use of Turkey to address a country or a nation.

He said, "We have established the caliphate system in the name of Islam … We are not just gathered here in the name of Turks. It is more appropriate to say Muslims or even Ottomans than Turks. In our hometown, there are Caucasians, Chechens, Kurds and other Muslims. The use of Turkish appellations will exclude (these groups). "

▲ The Last Sultan of the Empire

After more than two years of life-and-death fighting, Kemal defeated the invading army headed by Greece and re-signed the fairly Lausanne Treaty with western countries. The core territory of the former Ottoman Empire was preserved, and the Turks became the absolute subject nation of the qualified new country. After the victory of the war, the Sultan of the Ottoman Empire was expelled and the empire came to an end in 1922.

In order to make a thorough cut with the Ottoman Empire and break the state system of the integration of politics and religion that lasted for hundreds of years, Kemal initiated the secularization reform, and the importance of religion in social life decreased greatly. He argued that "Turkey" should be the name of the new country. "Turkey" has changed from a vague political term to the name of a country, but it is still written in Arabic characters during the Ottoman Empire.

▲ Kemal, who is honored as the father of Turkey.

During the secularization reform, Turkey established a representative democracy by learning from the West, Latin letters replaced the original Arabic writing system, and Türkiye ("Turkey" in Turkish) became a new way to write country names.

After the establishment of the brand-new Turkey, Turkey has developed into an important country in West Asia from the 20th century to the 21st century. By 2020, the country’s GDP totaled 720 billion US dollars, ranking 19th in the world and 1st in West Asia. The standing army of more than 600,000 makes Turkey a NATO country second only to the United States in terms of strength.

However, with the stagnant economic situation in Turkey in recent years, nationalism has begun to rise. Especially since the current Turkish President Erdogan took office in 2014, the strengthening of religious forces has also worried the outside world that Turkey will have a wave of "anti-secularization".

In addition, Turkey is also actively involved in the affairs of surrounding areas. Under the background of national strength, many Turks express their dissatisfaction with the English spelling of country names. How can the country name be associated with the food on the table? Moreover, this name has been ridiculed by the world from time to time, and serious country names should not be regarded as the object of playing tricks.

▲ The Turkish army entered Syria

In 2021, Turkey launched the English country name adjustment action. In January 2022, Erdogan signed a decree to change the English spelling of the name of Turkey from Turkey to Turkiye(Türkiye). Turkey has also launched a publicity and public relations campaign called "HelloTürkiye" on social networks and TV media at all costs.

▲ Renaming activities

In addition to adopting relevant resolutions at home, changing the English spelling of country names needs the cooperation of the international community. Turkish officials said that they would apply to the United Nations to urge the international community to accept new English names as soon as possible.

There are many precedents for changing foreign translation names, and most of the reasons are to erase colonial marks (for example, Ivory Coast is changed to C? te d ‘Ivoire); Promote national unity (for example, Myanmar has changed Burma with great Burmese color into Myanmar that can refer to all ethnic groups); Pronunciation in line with the national language (for example, South Korea changed Seoul to Seoul).

But like Turkey, the name is changed because the name is tied to poultry, but it is unique in the world.

However, modern Turkish is also spelled with Latin letters. The so-called change of English country name is only the transplantation of Turkish spelling into English. "Turkey" in English and "Türkiye" in Turkish actually sound almost the same, which is difficult to distinguish in spoken English. It also makes people suspect that renaming will not actually achieve results.

In the eyes of some people, Turkey’s change of English-speaking countries is more about service politics. At present, Turkey’s economy is in recession, the Turkish lira has depreciated sharply, and domestic inflation has risen sharply. The Turkish domestic opposition criticized Erdogan for "putting on a show" and accused him of using the name change to stir up national sentiment to divert people’s attention to the economic downturn and shift the accusation of his ineffective governance.

▲ In Turkey, money is becoming less and less valuable.

Supporters believe that it is necessary for Turkey to correct Türkiye’s name, and they praise the government for showing Turkish culture and values in the best way. After all, having the same name as "Turkey" is detrimental to the national image, and they think their country name should be respected.

Long-term author | Blue sky and clear distance

A veteran lover of history

Editor in charge | ｜Thomas

Graduate of London School of Economics and Political Science | Editor-in-Chief of Global Intelligence

—(End of full text)—

This article is the original content of "Global Intelligence Agent"

Unauthorized reprinting is prohibited.

Welcome and share in the circle of friends and friends.

Original title: "Goodbye" Chicken "! The English name of Turkey will be changed from Turkey to Turkey? 》

Read the original text

　　Correspondent Tang Tang Our reporter Zhang Wei

　　When people get sick, they often have to hang water to take medicine. However, after the drug enters the human body, it is not smooth sailing to reach the designated position, stay for a longer time, be better absorbed, and avoid being accidentally injured by friendly forces.

　　In recent 20 years, more and more new nano-pharmaceutical preparations have flooded into the market, and nano-liposomes with the name of "small steamed buns" in the carrier have emerged as the times require. This kind of vesicle with nanometer particle size formed by lipid bilayer can wrap drugs with great toxic and side effects, poor stability and rapid degradation. By fusing with the cell membrane, the carried drugs are concentrated in the focus, so as to achieve targeted administration, and at the same time, the curative effect can be improved, the toxicity can be reduced, and the stability can be enhanced.

　　Recently, Professor Gu Ning of Southeast University led a team to break the technical barriers abroad, overcome the key technologies of nano-lipid materials, built the first domestic and largest production line of lipid nanoparticles in the world, and won the first prize of scientific and technological progress in Jiangsu Province.

　　Then, how does this nano-scale "little one" take on the heavy responsibility of "packaging" and "transporting" through-train service? What other unknown uses do nanoliposomes have besides their great potential in drug carriers?

　　Known as the secret weapon of "rejuvenation"

　　The formation of liposomes is due to the self-assembly properties of a substance called phospholipids. Phospholipid is an amphiphilic substance, one end is hydrophilic and the other is lipophilic. Due to the particularity of its molecular configuration, phospholipid will spontaneously assemble into a bimolecular membrane structure in water, and part of it will be wrapped inside, which is usually called "vesicle".

　　The earliest liposomes were naturally formed in water. After scientists discovered its special skills, they tried to synthesize phospholipid compounds by artificial methods in order to achieve the purpose of mass production. The diameter of liposomes is usually tens of nanometers to tens of millimeters, and "nano-liposomes" are liposomes with nanometer particle size.

　　The membrane structure of lipid nanomaterials is very close to the cell membrane, which provides convenience for drug delivery and absorption. Therefore, liposomes can wrap the effective components and introduce them into cells, so that the effective components can easily enter cells.

　　In many common drugs, liposomes are responsible. Such as antineoplastic drugs, drugs targeting reticuloendothelial system, protein and nucleic acid drugs, antibacterial drugs, anti-inflammatory hormone drugs, etc. Moreover, the drug with liposome as the carrier "skin is not delicate" can be administered in any way, including intravenous injection, subcutaneous and intramuscular injection, oral administration, pulmonary administration and skin administration.

　　"The size of liposomes is related to the route of administration and drug release rate, but nano-sized liposomes have obvious advantages as drug carriers." Professor Gu Ning told reporters that daunorubicin liposomes, for example, have a particle size of 60-mdash; 120 nm, because of its small particle size, it is not easily recognized by phagocytes of reticuloendothelial system after entering the blood circulation, so it can stay in the blood circulation for a long time. At the same time, the pharmaceutical preparation has no obvious cardiotoxicity.

　　In recent years, more and more nanoliposome drugs have flooded into the international market and become the fastest-growing high-end pharmaceutical preparation in the world. Nanoliposomes not only play an important role in the pharmaceutical industry, but also act as a professional "courier" in cosmetics. It can keep the activity of cosmetics well, so that growth factors and other ingredients can enter the stratum corneum faster and more completely, thus enhancing the cell repair ability. Therefore, liposome encapsulation is known as the secret weapon of "rejuvenation".

　　Oil-loving and hydrophilic "amphiphilicity" increases the difficulty of mass production

　　In recent years, in the international pharmaceutical field, dexterous and multifunctional nanoliposomes have almost become "online celebrity".

　　At present, a total of 29 nanoliposome drugs have been approved for marketing in the world. In addition, there are 87 nanoliposome drugs in clinical research stage and 132 nanoliposome drugs in preclinical research stage. Among them, there are 13 nanoliposome drugs approved for marketing by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA).

　　In sharp contrast, only three nanoliposome drugs in China have been approved for production, namely paclitaxel liposome for injection, doxorubicin hydrochloride liposome and amphotericin B liposome for injection.

　　But 10 years ago, the related drugs and cosmetics in China were blank, and the people in China could not touch them at all, because the key technologies of lipid nanomaterials were in the hands of foreigners.

　　The international market share of nanoliposome drugs is increasing year by year, but the industrialization development in this field in China has been slow. "The reason is that the lipid nanomaterials needed by nanoliposome drugs are completely imported, and their prices far exceed the raw materials themselves; Second, the quality, purity and stability of domestic liposome pharmaceutical preparations need to be improved; Third, the assembly technology of lipid nano-materials and the preparation technology of lipid nano-drugs have high requirements and great difficulties. " Professor Gu Ning told reporters.

　　In 1970s, when liposomes were first used as drug carriers, they were once ignored because of their extremely unstable structure and low drug encapsulation efficiency. With the in-depth study of liposomes, the existing problems have been solved initially. In the early 1990s, economical and efficient anti-fungal and anti-cancer drug liposomes were put into the market, which greatly promoted the research and development of liposomes.

　　Lipid nano-materials have unique hydrophilic and lipophilic "amphipathy", which makes it possible to add lipophilic and hydrophilic drugs and active ingredients to the same drug at the same time.

　　However, researchers have also found that the amphiphilic nature of lipid nanomaterials is a double-edged sword, which not only provides convenience for drug loading, but also increases the difficulty of mass production. Therefore, the preparation process of lipid nano-materials is complex, which makes it difficult to remove impurities, and it is difficult to purify intermediates and products, so it is difficult to achieve mass production.

　　It is also a treasure to use "the wind blows on both sides"

　　The raw materials for preparing nanoliposomes are not complicated, but if you can’t master the doorway, you can’t make qualified nanoliposomes.

　　Well-made liposomes have a phospholipid bimolecular shell, which is very similar to the structure of cell membrane, and they are very small, and their diameters are basically below 150 nanometers, which is helpful for the penetration of active substances.

　　To realize the localization of lipid nanomaterials, the synthesis process is particularly important. Therefore, Professor Gu Ning’s team put forward an innovative new process for synthesis and purification of lipid nanomaterials. Through self-made separation filler and independent separation and purification technology, they realized the industrialization of high-purity lipid nano-medicinal carrier materials.

　　Lipid nano-materials are hydrophilic at one end and lipophilic at the other, which seems to be "the wind blows on both sides", so how to use them well is also very particular. After repeated experiments, researchers finally found a "trick up my sleeve". "We creatively put oil-soluble drugs on the oleophilic outer layer and water-soluble drugs on the hydrophilic inner layer, giving full play to the role of drugs, and truly fostering strengths and avoiding weaknesses." Professor Gu Ning said.

　　According to Professor Gu Ning, they developed a new process for the synthesis and purification of lipid nanomaterials, which used a "one-pot" reaction to prepare key intermediates, and the yield was doubled. At the same time, the liposome coordination technology broke through the key bottleneck of the assembly of glycyrrhizic acid drug phospholipid complex. Diammonium glycyrrhizinate was complexed with phosphatidylcholine, a lipid material, to form a lipid complex, which greatly improved the lipophilicity of glycyrrhizic acid and made it easier to cross the multiple membrane structures of the digestive tract and enter the blood circulation, effectively solving the problem of low oral bioavailability of glycyrrhizic acid.

　　After the success of the project, the price of domestic lipid nano-materials dropped significantly, which significantly reduced the overall cost of liposome drugs. In addition, lipid nanoparticles technology has been widely used in domestic first-line cosmetics companies, and it has played a great role in preparing cosmetics with whitening, anti-aging and wrinkle removal functions.

　　General Secretary of the Supreme Leader pointed out at the conference commemorating the 200th anniversary of Marx’s birth: "Marxism has profoundly changed not only the world, but also China." "A cannon shot in the October Revolution brought Marxism–Leninism to China." The victory of the October Revolution in Russia brought hope to the disaster-stricken Chinese nation and pointed out the direction for the advanced intellectuals who were struggling to find the way out of the China Revolution. The advanced intellectuals in China chose Marxism from various doctrines and schemes. China’s advanced elements accepted Marxism, and from the beginning, they did not discuss it as a pure theory, but as a tool to change the destiny of the country. Guided by the basic principles of Marxism, they actively participated in the real struggle, combined with China’s reality, and began their popularization efforts at the beginning of choosing Marxism.

　　Since 100 years ago, advanced intellectuals in China have spread Marxism to the masses in an easy-to-understand way by running publications, writing works, holding evening classes, giving lectures, etc., and have embarked on a road of China and popularization of Marxism with great characteristics of the times. The following pioneers have made outstanding contributions to the popularization of Marxism.

　　Mao Zedong recalled that Li Dazhao was "my real teacher"

　　On March 25th, 1949, the organs of Mao Zedong and the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China moved to Beiping from Xibaipo, Hebei Province. When he was about to arrive in Peiping, Mao Zedong was deeply moved. He said to the staff around him, "It’s been 30 years! 30 years ago, I rushed to seek the truth of saving the country and the people. Not bad, I suffered a lot, and I met a great man in Peiping, that is, Comrade Li Dazhao. With his help, I became a Marxist-Leninist. … … He is my real teacher. Without his guidance and teaching, I don’t know where I am today! "

　　In August, 1918, Mao Zedong accompanied Hunan students who went to France to work and study, and came to Beijing from Changsha. Mao Zedong, a penniless "Northern drifter", was introduced by Yang Changji, a former teacher of Hunan No.1 Division and now a professor of Peking University, and met Li Dazhao, director of Peking University Library. Li Dazhao arranged for him to work in the library reading room.

　　During Mao Zedong’s stay in Peking University, it was an important period when Li Dazhao began to publicize the October Revolution in China. It was then that Mao Zedong began to accept Marxism. Mao Zedong later said with deep feelings when talking with Si Nuo: When I was an assistant in the National Peking University Library under Li Dazhao, I developed rapidly in the direction of Marxism. Li Dazhao is my "real teacher".

　　In 1919, Li Dazhao published the article "The Victory of the Common People" in Volume 5, No.5 of New Youth, further praising the victory of the October Revolution and pointing out that Marxism is bound to win in the world.

　　The widespread spread of Marxism in China began after the October Revolution and the May 4th Movement. China first praised the October Revolution and publicized Marxism, and it was Li Dazhao who was able to accurately analyze the essence of the October Revolution and explain its great significance. Li Dazhao enthusiastically praised and publicized the October Revolution in Russia, applied the proletarian world outlook, grasped the historical laws of the development of human society, and published four brilliant articles with keen and original eyes: Comparative View of the French-Russian Revolution (1918), Victory of the Common People (1918), Victory of Bolshevism (1918) and New Era (1919). He said confidently, "Look at the future world, it must be a world with red flags!" "

　　The article "Victory of Bolshevism" published by Li Dazhao in New Youth pointed out that the October Revolution "is a new era of world revolution and human awakening"

　　In February, 1918, Li Dazhao taught courses such as Historical Materialism, History of Marx, Marxist Economics, History of Social Development and Sociology in Peking University, Women’s Normal University and Normal University, which were warmly welcomed by the progressive youth. Before and after the May 4th Movement, he published a large number of articles and speeches, such as My View on Marxism and Re-discussion on Problems and Doctrine, based on New Youth and Weekly Review, which played an important role in introducing and propagating Marxist theory and promoting the patriotic and democratic movement against imperialism and feudalism, and had a wide social impact. Then he became the pioneer of communism in China and the earliest disseminator of Marxism in China. Li Dazhao wrote many enthusiastic articles to promote Marxism, as Mr. Lu Xun said: "His legacy will remain forever, because it is the heritage of pioneers and a monument in the history of revolution."

　　In 1919, Li Dazhao published "My View on Marxism" in New Youth, Volume 6, No.5, which greatly promoted the study and dissemination of Marxism in China.

　　In 1920, Li Dazhao sent Deng Zhongxia and Zhang Tailei to Changxindian, on the west bank of Yongding River in Fengtai, Beijing, to carry out the workers’ movement and organize the establishment of a labor tutorial school. At that time, the conditions were very difficult, and the teachers helped the workers write home letters, taught cultural knowledge and established a deep friendship with the workers.

　　Li Dazhao has taught here twice. His lectures are humorous. Once the workers asked him, "Can you tell us how the workers are masters of the country?" Li Dazhao rolled up his sleeves and wrote the word worker on the blackboard. When he asked what the words workers read together, the class became quiet. Suddenly, a worker replied, "I know the teacher, and this word reads heaven." Li Dazhao said happily, "Heaven is your workers, and the strength of workers is greater than that of heaven." In this way, teachers have trained a large number of backbone workers’ movements by passing on advanced ideas and culture to workers.

　　In March 1920, Li Dazhao launched the earliest group in China to study and study Marxism — — Marxist theory research society. It aims to organize outstanding young people who have been trained by the May 4th Movement to further study and study Marxist theory. Under his education and influence, a group of advanced young intellectuals such as Mao Zedong, Zhou Enlai, Deng Zhongxia and Gao Junyu accepted Marxism and embarked on a firm revolutionary road, which promoted the spread of Marxism in China. Li Dazhao trained a generation of revolutionaries for the rise of the communist movement in China.

　　Chen Wangdao: Truth tastes a little sweet.

　　On November 29th, 2012, when General Secretary of the Supreme Leader led the 18th CPC The Politburo Standing Committee (PSC) to visit the exhibition "The Road to Rejuvenation", he vividly told the story that Chen Wangdao mistakenly ate ink as brown sugar because of his excessive concentration in translating the communist party Declaration.

　　Chen Wangdao, a native of Yiwu City, Zhejiang Province, was born in a peasant family on January 18, 1891. He studied in Jinhua Middle School in his early years and went to Waseda University in Japan to study literature, philosophy and law, where he began to contact Marxist books.

　　Before and after the May 4th Movement, the New Culture Movement rose in China, and some progressive newspapers began to introduce the communist party Declaration, but only some chapters or fragments were translated, and there was no complete Chinese translation of the communist party Declaration. Because translation requires three conditions: first, familiarity with Marxism and communism; Second, proficient in one of three foreign languages: German, English and Japanese; Third, there is a considerable level of language and literature literacy. These requirements temporarily stopped the translation of the communist party Declaration. In March 1920, Chen Wangdao received a letter from Shao Lizi, editor-in-chief of the Republic of China Daily in Shanghai, inviting him to Shanghai to discuss the translation of the communist party Declaration.

　　Chen Wangdao read the Japanese version of "communist party Declaration" when he was studying in Japan, and readily accepted it out of his reverence and belief in Marxism. Nowadays, someone has provided the Japanese version of the communist party Declaration for use. In order to achieve accurate translation, Chen Wangdao invited Chen Duxiu to come forward and borrowed the English version of the communist party Declaration from Li Dazhao, director of the Peking University Library, for reference.

　　Later, Chen Wangdao returned to his hometown in Xifenshuitang Village, Yiwu County, Zhejiang Province, and began to translate the communist party Declaration. The translation of the communist party Declaration must be kept strictly confidential. Therefore, Chen Wangdao set the translation office in a small and secluded woodshed, with two benches and a ceiling as a writing desk. During the day, I leaned against the light coming through the window, or silently read the Japanese text, or wrote with a pen, or compared with the English text, closed the window at night and lit kerosene lamps to translate day and night.

　　After more than a month, by the end of April, Chen Wangdao had completed the translation of the communist party Declaration.

　　In May, Wei kinski, a representative of the Comintern, came to Shanghai to plan the establishment of the Communist Party of China (CPC) with Chen Duxiu and others, and also brought a large sum of money. After Chen Duxiu’s efforts, D kinski printed the communist party Declaration with the funds of the Comintern.

　　In mid-August, 1000 copies of the Chinese translation of the communist party Declaration were printed and sold out quickly. By May 1926, the communist party Manifesto published by the Socialist Research Society had reached 17 editions, and there were countless "piracy". For a time, this book became a veritable classic of communist theory with the greatest influence in China.

　　Chen Wangdao’s translation of the communist party Declaration is the first complete translation of Marxist classics. When the communist party Declaration was published, it was the time when the the Communist Party of China (CPC)-Shanghai organization was founded. The publication and dissemination of the communist party Declaration made ideological and theoretical preparations for the initiation and composition of the Party’s early organizations and the birth of the Communist Party of China (CPC) in 1921.

　　In July, 1936, in front of the cave dwelling in Yan ‘an, Mao Zedong told edgar snow, an American journalist who came to Yan ‘an for an interview, about his ideological growth, saying, "There are three books that have been deeply engraved in my heart, which have established my belief in Marxism. One book is Chen Wangdao’s translation of the communist party Declaration, which is the first Marxist book published in Chinese. The other two are Class Struggle written by Kaucki and History of Socialism written by Kirkup. " Mr. Lu Xun also praised Chen Wangdao in 1920 and said, "What is everyone talking about now ‘ Radicalism ’ Yes, but no one really put this ‘ Doctrine ’ Really introduce to China, in fact, this is the most urgent work at present; After Wang Dao made a big noise in Hangzhou for a while, he worked hard to translate this book this time and did a good thing to China. " In January 1992, Deng Xiaoping also said in his speech in the South: "My introductory teachers are the communist party Declaration and the Communist ABC."

　　Chen Wangdao not only translated the communist party Declaration, but also translated and introduced utopian and scientific socialism from 1919 to 1921, which made great contributions to the dissemination of truth.

　　Ai Siqi: "Pioneer of Popularization of Marxist Philosophy"

　　In 1910, Ai Siqi was born in Tengchong County, Yunnan Province, formerly known as Li Shengxuan. In 1932, Ai Siqi went to Shanghai, took part in the revolutionary work under the leadership of the Communist Party, and began to engage in Marxist propaganda activities. Ai Siqi devoted himself to studying and propagating Marxist philosophy with great enthusiasm, and wrote many popular and vivid philosophical articles. In particular, since November 1934, 24 articles on philosophy have been serialized in Shanghai’s "Reading Life" bimonthly, and published in 1935 under the name of "Philosophical Speech". When the fourth edition was published in 1936, it was renamed "Popular Philosophy" and became a best seller. Because "Popular Philosophy" was welcomed by the broad masses of young people and people, there were as many as 32 editions before the national liberation. Since then, this book has been closely linked with Ai Siqi’s name and has become popular all over the country.

　　Popular Philosophy is recognized by the philosophical circles as an "introductory book" for the China-ization of Marxist philosophy. It expounds the basic problems of Marxist philosophy with examples of life around people, easy-to-understand language and lively forms. As the editor’s preface to this book written by Li Gongfu said in 1935: "This book is written in the most popular style, the genre of daily conversation, and the specialized theory is melted, so that the public readers can accept it without great effort. This kind of writing is still the only contribution in the current publishing industry. This popular philosophical book, I dare say, can be widely used as a compass for our national readers to understand and transform the world. "

　　When reading this book, Mao Zedong not only carefully read the transcript, but also designated it as the textbook of the Anti-Japanese Military and Political University. In October 1937, when Ai Siqi first arrived in Yan ‘an, Mao Zedong was very excited when he heard the news. He said happily, "Oh, here comes Ai Siqi who works on Popular Philosophy!"

　　Popular Philosophy, like the torch of revolution, illuminates the direction of progress in the dark and enlightens thousands of young people to the revolutionary road. Comrade Song Ping, the 13th The Politburo Standing Committee (PSC), once said that Ai Siqi’s book Popular Philosophy had a great influence on his life. "It was the time when I first came into contact with Comrade Ai Siqi’s works that I began to embark on the revolutionary road. At that time, I read Popular Philosophy. This book puts profound philosophy in vivid examples, which is easy to understand and makes me get the enlightenment education of Marxism. "

　　Before the founding of New China, Popular Philosophy was published in 32 editions, which was in short supply. In 1979, another 350,000 copies were printed, but they were still sold out. Popular Philosophy is the most frequently published book of popular philosophy.

　　China has entered a new era. To develop Marxism in the 21st century and Marxism in contemporary China, we must base ourselves on China, take a broad view of the world, keep the theoretical character of keeping pace with the times, deeply understand the significance of the times and reality of Marxism, and persevere in promoting the China, modernization and popularization of Marxism, so that Marxism can radiate more brilliant truth.

　　On February 6th, near midnight, flight CZ6992 from Xining, Qinghai landed at Beijing Capital International Airport.

　　The director of Beijing Zoo Veterinary Hospital had already led a team to wait at the airport, and after receiving Ling Xue, he sent it directly to the animal hospital.

　　On December 9, 2017, the snow leopard "Ling Xue" was treated before the first operation. The pictures in this article are provided by the respondents.

　　Ling Xue is a snow leopard living in Yushu Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture, Qinghai Province. After being injured by a vehicle, she was first sent to Xining, the provincial capital, for rescue. After the operation failed, she went to Beijing for a second operation.

　　By March 3rd, Ling Xue, who had successfully completed the operation, had spent 25 days in Beijing and recovered well after the operation.

　　This big cat, which has been active on the plateau at an altitude of more than 4000 meters, spent the first year in Beijing Zoo. "We stared at it all night on New Year’s Eve, fearing that the sound of firecrackers would stimulate it," the head of the nursing team told The Paper (www.thepaper.cn). "Now its mental state and behavioral ability have recovered better."

　　The story of coming down from the plateau and having surgery in Xining and Beijing made Ling Xue a "online celebrity". People were happy for it, but at the same time they were worried.

　　"Public opinion’s attention to Snow Leopard Ling Xue has two sides. The rescue of some low-level or even no-level wild animals has not attracted everyone’s attention, and their rescue environment is even more difficult." Diao Kunpeng, a project official of Shanshui Nature Reserve Center, said that the overall level of wildlife rescue in China is low, and the frontline rescue force of wildlife should be strengthened. The government, non-governmental organizations and local residents should cooperate to establish a linkage system and gradually build a perfect wildlife rescue system to change the current situation.

　　Qi Xinzhang also said, "Because of the poor conditions for wildlife rescue at the grassroots level and the lack of necessary infrastructure and technicians for wildlife rescue, people who meet injured wildlife first often do not have the conditions to provide first-time rescue."

　　A seriously injured snow leopard

　　At 10 o’clock on the evening of November 24, 2017, villagers Dajie, Nanda, Qucha and Duocai in Ansai Township of Zaduo County saw Ling Xue limping on the side of the road while driving.

　　Two villagers stayed at the scene to guard, while others went home to bring blankets, wrapped them in Ling Xue and transported them back to Dajie’s house for treatment.

　　Snow leopard is a national first-class protected wild animal and the flagship species of Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. It is named Snow Leopard because it lives near the snow line above 3500 altitude all the year round.

　　The distribution area of snow leopards is special. At present, it is estimated that the number of snow leopards in the world is 4,000-8,000, of which the number of wild snow leopards in China is about 2,500, and the number of wild snow leopards in Qinghai Province is conservatively estimated to be more than 1,000, which is an important distribution area of snow leopards.

　　Ansai Township in Zaduo County is known as the "hometown of snow leopards", which has the largest contiguous habitat of snow leopards in China. According to the monitoring data of infrared camera, there are more than 24 snow leopards in Niandu Village, Ansai Township alone.

　　According to the news released by the township government, that night, the staff of the police station and health center in Ansai Township guarded the injured Ling Xue overnight, washed and bandaged his wound and found that his left hind leg was injured and suppurated, possibly a fracture. Because of the serious injury, the local area did not have the conditions for treatment, so we had to contact the department in charge of the Provincial Forestry Department and send it to Xining, the provincial capital about 700 kilometers away for treatment.

　　Due to the local snow and slippery roads, Ling Xue bumped in the car for 16 hours before arriving in Xining.

　　"Seriously injured wild animals often can’t stand long-distance bumps," said Diao Kunpeng, a project official of Shanshui Nature Reserve Center, who has rich field work experience. In an interview with The Paper, many times wildlife rescuers have to choose to use any available or even very simple equipment to carry out rescue at the first site, but the rescue effect is often poor. "If there are a group of professional frontline rescue forces, the rescue situation will be much better."

　　The first operation

　　After arriving at Xining Zoo, veterinarian Zhao Hailong disinfected, washed, reduced inflammation and bandaged the wound of Ling Xue’s left hind limb.

　　Zhao Hailong is the vice captain of the third feeding team, and he has participated in the long-term snow leopard feeding and rescue. He said that during the treatment, if the pain was not obvious, Ling Xue was almost unresponsive and in poor condition.

　　Qinghai Province is extremely rich in wildlife population and quantity, but Qi Xinzhang, deputy director of Xining Wildlife Park, has a headache. "There are no full-time staff to carry out wildlife rescue now, and all the rescues are done by Xining Wildlife Park part-time, so there are only a few people involved in the rescue."

　　The day after his arrival in Xining, Ling Xue was sent to Jiawang Pet Hospital for examination. It was preliminarily judged that the vehicle was injured, and the injury was more serious than expected. Qi Xinzhang said that according to the examination results, they made a conservative treatment plan for Ling Xue in the early stage, restoring physical strength first and preparing for the later thigh bone reduction surgery.

　　Why did you choose a pet hospital? Qi Xinzhang explained, "Xining Zoo has no medical equipment and other equipment, but the pet hospital has better conditions. If the situation is more serious, such as the rescue of another snow leopard ‘ Ling Shuang ’ At that time, the local pet hospital did not have MRI equipment, so we had to take it to the hospital where people were treated. "

　　After 14 days, Ling Xue’s trauma gradually recovered. Xining Wildlife Park discussed and decided to perform the thigh bone reduction operation on Ling Xue’s left hind limb on December 11th. After the broken bone wound was repaired and anastomosed, a 16 cm steel plate was added and 11 steel nails were driven into the left hind limb for fixation.

　　The thickness of periosteum of thigh bone of snow leopard is much thicker than that of cats and dogs. It is a great test for doctors to operate on large wild animals like snow leopard. Preoperative examination began at 10 am, and Ling Xue was not pushed out of the operating room until after 5 pm. After the reduction operation, Ling Xue’s fractured left hind leg bone was grafted, and everyone was happy with his good mental condition after the operation.

　　Fall down again

　　Unexpectedly, 43 days after the operation, Ling Xue collapsed again.

　　On January 27th this year, it was found that Ling Xue’s left hindlimb femur was fractured, three steel nails were broken, the steel plate was twisted, and the femur was displaced again.

　　According to Qi Xinzhang’s analysis, "the level of rescue is not enough, plus the lack of rescue experience and professional equipment, which failed to find and control its violent activities in time."

　　Yao Haifeng, president of Beijing Paishijiade Animal Hospital, explained the reasons for the failure of the first operation in an interview with The Paper. "The local treatment conditions and facilities are limited, the selected bone plate is unscientific, the screw implantation position is unreasonable, and it is not fully restricted in the later period, and the nursing experience is lacking."

　　Xining Zoo immediately organized a discussion between veterinarians and doctors in pet hospitals, and consulted senior veterinarians and ambulance personnel at home and abroad, but the feedback was very different.

　　On January 30th, in the face of many suggestions, Qi Xinzhang posted a help-seeking article on his WeChat platform, and finally contacted Yao Haifeng, the president of Beijing Paishi Jiade Animal Hospital, with the help of enthusiastic netizens.

　　Secondary operation

　　On February 5th, Ling Xue’s second operation plan was initially determined, but how to safely and smoothly deliver it to Beijing became a difficult problem for everyone.

　　Only one flight from Xining to Beijing has the aerobic cabin conditions for transporting living animals. Xining Wildlife Park entrusts China Southern Airlines, which can only transport small cats and dogs according to normal regulations. However, for the rescue of Snow Leopard, China Southern Airlines Headquarters agreed to fully cooperate. On that day, the flight refused to check all cats and dogs and cleared the goods.

　　On February 6th, near midnight, the flight carrying Ling Xue arrived in Beijing. Lu Yan, the director of Beijing Zoo Veterinary Hospital, who took care of Ling Xue after operation, has led a team to wait at the airport. Ling Xue was directly taken to the animal hospital and had an operation at noon the next day.

　　In an interview with The Paper, Yao Haifeng, the chief surgeon, recalled that Ling Xue was very uncooperative during the operation. It took four hours and fifty minutes from sedation and anesthesia to the end of the operation. "Snow Leopard is old, and the second operation is far more difficult than the first one. Moreover, it involves the process of removing the broken nail. Once there is too much blood loss, there is no blood bank to supplement it. Everyone is under great pressure during the operation."

　　Is this operation a success? Yao Haifeng explained to The Paper, "The completion of the operation is not a success. It can only be said that it was completed as expected. This is only the first stage of treatment. For the treatment of wild animals, the later care is very important. The first failure is because the later care conditions are not enough. "

　　Drawing lessons from the first operation, Yao Haifeng suggested to Xining Wildlife Park that Ling Xue should be cared for in Beijing Zoo in the later period, and the nursing environment and equipment are more advanced.

　　"online celebrity"

　　At noon on February 8th, Ling Xue was sent to Beijing Zoo Veterinary Hospital for postoperative care, and stayed in a nursing cage with a height of 1m, a length of 1.85m and a width of 0.8m specially designed for him.

　　Lu Yan, the head of the Snow Leopard Nursing Team and the director of the Veterinary Hospital of Beijing Zoo, said, "Drawing lessons from its violent activity after the first operation, the cage we designed can not only make it turn and lie down for moderate activities, but also limit its big jump."

　　To the delight of the nurses, Ling Xue began to eat on the day he arrived at the Beijing Zoo. In the first week of the surgical incision healing stage, the nursing team kept nursing for 24 hours. At present, Ling Xue is in the fibrous callus growth stage of bone healing stage, followed by the callus growth and formation stage, that is, the clinical healing stage.

　　"Ling Xue is older, so the healing time is longer. It will take one or two years to shape the skeleton. If there is no problem after three months of care, he will return to Xining Zoo for breeding." Lu Yan said.

　　According to Qi Xinzhang, deputy director of Xining Wildlife Park, Ling Xue is about 10 years old, which is equivalent to 50 years old.

　　Qi Xinzhang publicized the whole process of Ling Xue from discovery to treatment on the Internet, making it a "online celebrity".

　　Online publicity has played a great role in Ling Xue’s rescue, but not all snow leopards are as lucky as Ling Xue. "We have also experienced two failed rescues, and what we hope most now is to have a sound rescue organization with professionals and rescue equipment." Qi Xinzhang said.